The parasite in the human body

5 October 2020

The enemy, as they say, "you need to know by eye". You need to understand who we are dealing with. Illiteracy in this regard will not give any discount. Equip yourself with information that can be used practically, for the sake of our health, this will not leave the slightest chance for some parasites to spoil their precious lives. me.

Parasites - who are they?

Parasites(from Greek Parasites - parasites, parasites) - lower animal and plant organisms that live outside or inside another organism (host) and eat it. Parasites live inside our bodies with their parallel lives, taking on our energy, our cells and our food, including the health products, The parasite in the human body that we consume.

There are parasites that live their whole life in the host's body or only a part of it; they receive food and shelter from there without causing any harm to the host's body.

Some parasites irritate the host and affect its function; others destroy host tissues and release specific toxins that cause poor health and development of various diseases in the host.In the human bodymany different species can parasitize: fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoa and worms.

Parasitesthroughout their lives go through a complex development cycle: there are parasites that need to change some host, inside the parasite go throughintermediate development stage (called larval development stagehelminth). In the body of the last host, the helminth is sexually mature and the more dangerous the better.

Parasites are classified as follows:

mushrooms
virus
the simplest parasite
helminths (worms, worms)
crustacean parasite
spider parasite
insect (mainly bloodsucking)

1. Fungi.

These aremicroorganisms that infect the human body, and can settle on both the skin surface and mucous membranes of internal organs. The disease is caused by a fungal pathogen calledmycoses. There arefungus of the skin and nails(fungal skin diseases), as well as ringworm of internal organs. Animals are also susceptible to the outcome of fungal activity - they can poison the body, by poisoning with a fungal toxin that affects plant food (myotoxicity). There are different types of mycoses, some people get sick only or just animals, others get sick from animals only. Fungal pathogens that cause fungal diseases are considered infectious.
There are hundreds offungi, two of which are especially dangerous to humans. The first fungus -cryptococcus(Cryptococcus neoformans) - causes meningitis (meningitis and spinal cord). Typically, this cryptococcal bacteria is spread in the feces of birds, and is found on fruits, vegetables, animal milk and soil. The second type of fungus -candida(candida albicans) - causes diaper rash, candidiasis of mucous membranes, dermatitis, thrush, fungal skin, onyxis (nail damage), ulcers on the lips, fungal diseases of the genitals.Mushrooms love sweets, which are eaten mainly with sugars and starches, but like any living organism, they need amino acids, vitamins and minerals.
Mushroomsis a separate civilization, it is its own parallel world. They can withstand temperatures from -150 to + 150 degrees, they are neither frozen nor destroyed. In the scientific world, there is an opinion that mushrooms are the main civilization of the earth, and they use everything around them for their own purposes (and also for us, humans). The fungus is white, odorless, has a fishy odor that oozes from the nose, mouth, wounds, urethra, etc. v.Fungusis a whitening agent on the tongue, baldness and dandruff, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. If white deposits are on the tonsils, this is a fungal sore throat. The fungus is painless, not itchy. Fungi are everything that flakes off, flakes off, falls off, breaks, emerges on the skin, becomes dusty, covers the scalp. There is no acute course of fungal disease, only the chronic phase.

2. Viruses.

Virusare cellless living organisms, they are microparticles composed of nucleic acids - genetic carriers (RNA and / or DNA), outside coveredby a protein membrane. Viruses have the ability to infect any living organism.Virus, translated from Latin (virus) is poison. Viruses cannot be attributed to animals or plants. They are very small and can only be studied with an electron microscope. Viruses can only live and grow in the cells of other organisms. Viruses cannot live outside the cells of living organisms, and many of them in the external environment act like chemicals, in the form of crystals. By depositing inside the cells of animals and plants, viruses cause many dangerous diseases. Human viral diseases include:herpes, measles, flu, HIV, hepatitis, polio, smallpox.

3. The simplest parasite.

Parasitic protozoa-amoeba, lamblia, toxoplasma, cryptosporidium, as well as malaria plasmodia, leishmania, trypanosomes. Among the parasitic protozoa, the causative agent of the most dangerous diseases for animals and humans is known, especially in the tropics (Malaria, dysentery). Plasmodium malaria infects human red blood cells, leading to a period of mass reproduction that leads to attacks that cause severe fever, leading to death. The trypanosomes and Leishmanias are mainly tropical species that, by eating animal tissue, cause ulcers, are irritating and in some cases can be fatal. Living in the intestines, the rhizome Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of chronic amoebic dysentery, which can penetrate other tissues and kill the host. Intestinal whipworm Giardia lamblia causes severe diarrhea (giardia). This species is found in rivers and lakes polluted by human feces in tropical and subtropical regions. Some parasites, such as the pneumonia-causing species Pneumocystis carinii, are probably closer to fungi than other protozoa.

4. Helminths (worms, worms)

More than 70 types of worms are registered, of which the following worms are more common:

roundworm (roundworm)- roundworm, pinworm, whipworm, trichinella, toxocara;

cestodes- pig and cow tapeworms, dwarf tapeworms, echinococcus, alveococcus, broad tapeworms;

flatworm (fluke)- small liver fluke (small liver fluke), liver fluke, a hepatome fluke, a pulmonary fluke.

Some of these parasitic helminths are ubiquitous, while others are more common in some areas. For example:

pinworms and roundwormsare found all over the globe;

whip beetle- is found everywhere, mainly in hot and humid regions of tropical, subtropical and temperate climates.

Trichinella- in Belarus, Ukraine.

pig tapeworm- is found everywhere, often found in Belarus and Ukraine.

cow tapeworm- found everywhere. Especially in Transcaucasia and Central Asia.

Dwarf tapeworms- can be found everywhere, especially in hot, dry climates.

wide tapeworm- usually chooses habitats where there is a lot of freshwater bodies. Regularly present in Baltics, Kazakhstan.

opisthorchiasis(cat trematodes) - the most severe flukes recorded in Kazakhstan.

liver fluke- ubiquitous. Outbreaks have been recorded in Transcaucasia, Central Asia and Baltics.

echinococcosis, alveococcosis- in Moldova, south Ukraine, in the Caucasus.

There are over a hundred types of these parasites, but the most common are "just" about 35 species. Depending on the location of the parasite in the human body, these diseases are classified into tissue and diseases.

Parasitic in tissue.

If the parasites and their larvae in human tissues, in subcutaneous tissue, move freely through the circulatory system or the lymphatic system, such a disease is called tissue disease (schistosomiasis, echinococcosis).

The parasite is translucent.

If the parasite is localized in the intestines or other internal cavities of the human body, such a disease is called luminal (tapeworm, roundworm).

Parasites are also distinguished by their specific location (habitat) on the person, such as their host.

External parasite.

This species parasites directly on the skin of the human body from the outside, they do not live inside the host but only use it when foraging (mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, lice, dragonflies, beesplows, leeches). . .

Endogenous (helminths, filariasis, bacteria, fungi).

This parasite has the following classification:

Flatworms (flukes), in their structure, are free-living organisms or bilateral symmetrical parasites. The length of the trematodes from 0, 1 mm to several meters, the body structure is mostly flat, oval or elongated more or less; In its parasitic form, it is equipped with organs that attach to the "host" in the form of a suck, a hose, a hook, etc. v. Representatives of flatworm are turbellaria, or biliary worms; opisthorchiasis (cat fluke), planaria, liver fluke, clonorchus, fasciolosis, fasciolosis, pulmonary fluke.

Nematodes (nematodes), free-living parasites of this class live in saltwater, freshwater, and soil pools. In most cases, their size is small, even microscopic, but among parasitic individuals there are also quite large ones, reaching a length of more than seven meters (cetacean helminths). The most common representatives of human parasitic roundworm are roundworm, pinworm, whipworm, filaria, strongyloidiasis, hookworm, trichinella, toxocara, rishta.

Tapeworms (tapeworms, tapeworms),This type of helminth is distinguished by a characteristic long, ice-like body (from a few millimeters to tens of meters). Cestodes - worms with an elongated body, similar to an ice sheet, consisting of head, neck and individual segments, distinguished by their enormous fertility (some species are capable of producing up to 600 million eggs eachyears) - pig and bovine tapeworms, dwarf tapeworms - cyclophyllid subtypes; echinococcus, alveococcus, broad tapeworm, sheep brain.

Bacterial diseases. Bacteriosis is an infectious disease caused by many types of bacteria and parasites.
Bacterial infection is a fairly common diagnosis worldwide. Some infections are caused by one type of bacteria, others by certain types of bacteria. Representatives of this class of parasites are - leptospira, staphylococcus, streptococcus, shigella.

Mycoses- disease caused by parasitic fungi. More than 350 species of fungal pathogens have been identified, they are parasitic in humans, domestic and wild animals, birds, insects, amphibians, fish and plants. The most famous pathogens of mycoses are candida, cryptococci, penicilliums.

Protozoa or protozoaare protozoa with a heterotrophic type, that is, they are incapable of producing organic matter required for activitytheir vitality from inorganic substances. The consequence of this is that they require organic matter made by other organisms (amoeba, lamblia, coccidia, Trichomonas).

Sad facts about worms and other parasites:

Chronic, incl. cancerin 80% of cases is caused by parasitic effects (worms, fungi, protozoa).

Opisthorchiasis pathogensbelong to the first group of carcinogens (carcinogens) - according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

The number one biological enemy for humans is Trichomonas.By forming colonies on the vascular wall, Trichomonas leads to the development of atherosclerosis with all consequences.

1989 - properties of Trichomonas were discovered that could turn normal cells into malignant.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO),
Parasitic diseases around the worldaffect more than 4. 5 billion people, 9 out of 10 cases arecaused by worms, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).Every third resident of Europe is affected by parasites (including worms)!

The incidence of parasites has a frequency equivalent to the rate of flu.

So there are several ways for parasites to enter the human body:

Eating and drinking - lack of personal hygiene(through contaminated food, drinking water, dirty hands);

Household contact - external conditions for the active development of the parasite(through household objects, from family members, petsinfection);

Transmission - no precautions(via blood-sucking insects);

Percutaneous or active - safety measures are not observed(in which the larvae of the parasite enter the human skin or mucous membranes on contact with contaminated soil. pollution, when swimming in open water).